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Captagon pills effects. " Or so claims The Dec 18, 2024 · A Syrian member of the rebel group shows materials for manufacturing amphetamine pills known as Captagon, at the warehouse where the drug was manufactured before the fall of Bashar Assad Jul 9, 2024 · The incident was but one example of the ways the drug has damaged lives in the kingdom. Captagon, Within Syria and Without Captagon is the name commonly given to the stimulant Fenethylline, which was first synthesised and sold as an anti-narcolepsy medication in Germany in the early 1960s, until it was banned in the 1980s for its harmful side Dec 18, 2024 · Syria’s nearly 14-year-old civil war fragmented the country, crumbled the economy and created fertile ground for the production of the highly addictive drug Captagon. The pills were marked with two interlocking ‘C’s that mimic crescent moons—a key feature of the drug. Dec 14, 2024 · After the fall of the al-Assad regime in Syria, large stockpiles of the illicit drug captagon have reportedly been uncovered. Captagon can have a lot of unwanted side effects, like low-level psychosis. Medically reviewed by Leigh Ann Anderson, PharmD. Oct 17, 2024 · Official answer: Concerta contains methylphenidate whereas Adderall contains a mixture of amphetamine salts (MAS). Apr 4, 2022 · Captagon pills seized in Beirut in June 2010. Nov 21, 2023 · Sacks filled with bags of captagon pills, which was caught on the way from Syria to Saudi Arabia. Oct 25, 2023 · Investigators found odd, little pills buried in the pockets of Hamas terrorists who attacked Israel on Oct. They have also been found buried in shipments of tea and milk, while the smugglers constantly surprise authorities as they hide the pills in quite unlikely places. 7. Dec 18, 2024 · Amphetamine pills, known as Captagon, hidden inside an electrical component at the warehouse where the drug was manufactured before the fall of Bashar Assad government at a facility in Douma city, outskirts of Damascus, Syria, Friday, Dec. Let's dive into what Captagon does, its effects on the body and mind, and why it has Download scientific diagram | Online markets for Captagon e-commerce on Dark web from publication: Captagon: Use and trade in the Middle East | Background: Fenetheylline, a psychostimulant drug According to the Washington Post, Captagon, which is based on the synthetic drug fenethylline, is consumed orally and stimulates the brain and central nervous system, giving the user a feeling of May 23, 2025 · During the Assad era, captagon smugglers hid pills in a variety of products, from fake fruits to electronics, and the Syrian Arab Army’s 4th Division used the Latakia port to export the drug as far away as Malaysia. Jun 9, 2023 · BEIRUT (AP) — A little white pill has given Syrian President Bashar Assad powerful leverage with his Arab neighbors, who have been willing to bring him out of pariah status in hopes he will stop the flow of highly addictive Captagon amphetamines out of Syria. By the 1980s it was banned in most countries because of its highly Feb 16, 2025 · Find patient medical information for Amphetamine (Adzenys XR-ODT, Adzenys XR-ODTXR, and others) on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings, and user ratings Captagon pills, their benefits and harms, their relationship to sex, and does it cause infertilityNarcotics are substances that destroy human life, as drugs are known as any substance that affects the mind completely or partially, whether natural or synthetic, as both lead to the same effect on the brain. Download scientific diagram | Ingredients of counterfeit Captagon (Alabdalla, 2005) from publication: Captagon: Use and trade in the Middle East | Background: Fenetheylline, a psychostimulant drug What are the withdrawal symptoms of Captagon and are they harmfulOver the past ten years, Captagon pills have become one of the most popular drugs in the Middle East. By the 1980s, most countries banned the drug because it was addictive and caused serious side effects, including psychosis. Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) is a prodrug that converts into dexamphetamine once absorbed by the body. Nov 2, 2023 · A drug for narcolepsy, depression − and terrorism Captagon is the former trade name for fenethylline, a derivative of amphetamine with similar stimulant effects. The Captagon trade has introduced new, cross-sectarian actors who have leveraged political and security networks to accumulate immense profits and influence, surpassing Lebanon’s Dec 22, 2022 · Written by Dean Gustar article on Septagon - the most addictive drug in the Middle East - Learn about the risks, effects, first symptoms and treatments. The now-ousted regime was estimated to earn billions annually from trafficking a drug known as Captagon. Since the civil war started in 2011, Syria has become an international hub for Captagon production. In the past six years, Saudi authorities have intercepted 600 million Captagon pills at the country’s borders. Amphetamine, along with its derivatives, is a psychoactive substance that belongs to a larger class of substances, named Dec 22, 2022 · Written by Dean Gustar article on Septagon - the most addictive drug in the Middle East - Learn about the risks, effects, first symptoms and treatments. Oct 21, 2016 · The illicit trade is rapidly increasing, and more recently in 2016, 8. It is also spelled phenethylline; other names for it are amphetaminoethyltheophylline and amfetyline. This article asks how Captagon traficking and use in Dec 15, 2024 · After the fall of the al-Assad regime in Syria, large stockpiles of the illicit drug captagon have reportedly been uncovered. Mar 15, 2024 · This potential market would carry significant risk of medical injury or overdose death, which is what we already see with counterfeit opioid pills that contain fentanyl. So what is Dec 13, 2024 · Captagon has similar effects to amphetamines. Jun 14, 2024 · Promises to ‘stem the flow’ have, thus far, produced little in the way of results. 7 The formula can affect the street price. Drug Enforcement Administration Apr 7, 2025 · Official answer: Captagon was first manufactured in 1961 as an alternative to amphetamine and methamphetamine used at the time to treat Apr 1, 2024 · 10 of the Most Expensive Drugs in the U. In December 2021, Kuwaiti authorities seized nine million Captagon pills hidden in a shipment of oranges. The “Captagon” market as currently observed and described poses the challenge of improperly produced counterfeit pills containing amphetamine and other drugs and contaminants. Nov 19, 2015 · Captagon: The tiny amphetamine pill fuelling the Syrian civil war and turning fighters into superhuman soldiers 'You can't sleep or even close your eyes, forget about it' Nov 19, 2015 · Captagon pills are displayed along with a cup containing cocaine at an office of the Lebanese Internal Security Forces, Anti-Narcotics Division, in Beirut in 2010. A report by the German magazine Der Spiegel estimated the total value of the drug shipments sold by the al-Assad regime in 2021 at approximately 5. Dec 13, 2024 · More Syrians descend on Damascus hospital in search for country's missing The pill is the synthetic stimulant fenethylline or fenetylline, known by the brand name Captagon, that overtook the Dec 15, 2024 · Syrian rebels uncovered large captagon stockpiles linked to the fallen al-Assad regime's military headquarters. 1. Jun 5, 2025 · Once a cornerstone of the Assad regime, the Captagon drug has left devastation across Syria. 19 A novel concern about captagon use in Syria and neighbouring countries is that soldiers from all parties to the conflict use the drugs as combat stimulants (‘chemical courage’). S. Captagon, a controversial drug with a notorious reputation, has captivated the world with its enigmatic allure. Jul 10, 2023 · Captagon is also part of normalisation discussions following Syria’s readmission to the Arab League. Mar 23, 2016 · Since the late 1980s, counterfeit captagon tablets, which contained mixtures of drugs with pharmacological effects similar to those of fenethylline, have been reported in the Saudi Arabian drug market, while they have also appeared in Europe and Turkey. This has caused increasing domestic con-sumption of Captagon in Jordan. Dec 22, 2022 · Written by Dean Gustar article on Septagon - the most addictive drug in the Middle East - Learn about the risks, effects, first symptoms and treatments. How big was Assad's Captagon operation? Dec 13, 2024 · Known as "poor man's cocaine," captagon is an addictive amphetamine-like stimulant banned in many countries but worth billions of dollars in trade. Apr 7, 2025 · Official answer: Captagon was first manufactured in 1961 as an alternative to amphetamine and methamphetamine used at the time to treat Apr 1, 2024 · 10 of the Most Expensive Drugs in the U. Nov 15, 2023 · Captagon is the brand name of the drug fenethylline hydrochloride, initially created in the 1960s in West Germany to treat conditions like attention deficit disorder, depression and narcolepsy After the fall of the al-Assad regime in Syria, large stockpiles of the illicit drug captagon have reportedly been uncovered. Dec 22, 2024 · As those in the lucrative Captagon network move aside, how will the new leaders stop any criminals waiting in the wings to replace them? May 27, 2022 · Captagon was developed in the 1960s and marketed as a treatment for depression, brain injury and narcolepsy but, as it fell from medical use in the 1980s, the name came to be applied to an illicit mix of amphetamine and caffeine. 91 These cases Jul 31, 2007 · Fenethylline: OverviewGeneral Function A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:9435160). The effects of Captagon. The trade also affects a large number of civil Working within the limits of substantial information gaps, this report traces captagon’s evolution from a legitimate pharmaceutical commodity into May 18, 2016 · In addition, many black market Captagon pills are drug cocktails marketed for different effects, sometimes containing mixtures of Viagra or heroin in addition to their amphetamine stimulant. Dec 13, 2024 · Captagon is an addictive amphetamine-type stimulant It has been banned in many countries Experts put annual captagon trade at billions of dollars Vast drug lab found on edge of Damascus DOUMA In this case, we wanted to contribute to the literature by presenting the case of a 23-year-old who developed acute inferior myocardial infarction (MI) because the drug Captagon containing PEA was used for a pleasure effect. Abstract Background. Nov 13, 2023 · Captagon lowers the inhibition threshold to kill. The original Captagon contained fenetylline, a synthetic drug of the phenethylamine family to which amphetamine also belongs. May 30, 2024 · A database by the New Lines Institute Captagon Trade Project provides insights about the drug’s supply, demand, and operational networks. May 15, 2025 · Fenethylline (Captagon) is a blend of amphetamine and theophylline that functions as a stimulant, while azithromycin (AZ) is a commonly prescribed macrolide antibiotic. The rebel authorities are burning the pills, which they discovered in workshops and mansions during their lightning advance Feb 25, 2025 · Key Findings The overall number of captagon shipments seized increased in 2024 to the highest level ever recorded, creating the impression that captagon supply continues to spiral out of control However, because the average shipment size has been declining, the total volume of seized captagon decreased considerably First developed in the 1960s in Europe and approved briefly for use in the United States, fenethylline (sold as Captagon, one of its early trade names) is now a prominent drug of abuse in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Sep 6, 2024 · The Captagon Conundrum Syria is now the world’s leading producer of Captagon and the central hub of a growing drug crisis in the Middle East and North Africa. Feb 6, 2025 · The substance tested contained methamphetamines and theophylline, which are components found in the Captagon drug that Hamas terrorists used during the October 7 massacre. It was available over the counter (without a prescription Dec 18, 2024 · Syria’s nearly 14-year-old civil war fragmented the country, crumbled the economy and created fertile ground for the production of the highly addictive drug Captagon. Jul 31, 2025 · Official answer: Yes, Provigil (modafinil) is a Schedule IV controlled substance classified by the U. 89 Since the fall of the regime, the pills have also been found hidden in industrial equipment, furniture, children’s toys, and Styrofoam. But as we’ll see, captagon was once a pharmaceutical drug, similar to some of the legally Oct 30, 2024 · Before the mass production of Captagon in Syria, people typically got high from prescription medicines designed for other purposes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of amphetamine May 25, 2023 · Executive Summary Amphetamine-type stimulants, marketed as “captagon,” continue to flood the Mediterranean-Gulf region. A main Captagon traficking route runs from Syria to the Arabian peninsula via Jordan. Originally, the drug was sold largely in the Middle East region and in parts of Europe. The security, health, and geopolitical impacts of captagon’s proliferation have jolted Dec 19, 2024 · “From here, Captagon pills emerged to kill our people,” Abu Zihab, an activist with Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, the main group now ruling the country, said while his group gave journalists access to the site. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water Captagon, one of the world’s most infamous stimulants, carries a complex legacy with devastating implications for health, society, and politics. The drug breaks down inside the body into theophylline and amphetamine, leading to a stimulating and energetic high. Last updated on April 1, 2024. Known as "poor man's cocaine," captagon is an addictive amphetamine-like stimulant banned in many countries but worth billions of dollars in trade. Jun 10, 2023 · About Captagon pill: It is a highly addictive amphetamine-type drug, which is produced mainly in Syria. [2][3] The brand name "Captagon" (or in lowercase as "captagon Captagon trade under the Assad regime generated billions annually for Syria, according to a 2023 study by the nonprofit Observatory of Political and Economic Networks. Health Effects of Captagon The health effects of fenethylline, CAS 3736-08-1 have been studied extensively in laboratory settings to understand its pharmacological and toxicological properties. This is the case of captagon in Syria. Your Aug 15, 2025 · The primary difference between Adderall and Vyvanse lies in their composition: Adderall contains a mixture of four different amphetamine salts, while Vyvanse contains only one type of amphetamine salt called lisdexamfetamine. Credit: SANA via AP In the wake of the October 7 Hamas assault, reports began surfacing that the terrorists had taken the stimulant captagon, which is used to improve performance and lessen inhibitions Apr 4, 2022 · Captagon pills seized in Beirut in June 2010. Aug 4, 2023 · Within Syria, low-quality Captagon pills are sold for $1 each, while higher-quality pills are exported and traded for around $14 in foreign markets. When someone consumes Captagon, they may experience side effects similar to the ones felt with cocaine or methamphetamine use. Grain Captagon. The stockpiles, found by Syrian rebels, are believed to be linked to al-Assad military headquarters, implicating the fallen regime in the drug’s manufacture and distribution. Dec 13, 2024 · In the city of Douma, 10 kilometres northeast of Syria’s capital of Damascus, warehouses storing thousands of captagon pills have been unearthed by the rebels scouring areas once controlled by the Assad regime and its allies. It contains fenethylline, a synthetic drug. Jan 5, 2025 · Captagon, the drug that turned Syria into a narco-state under Bashar al-Assad’s dictatorship The fall of the regime brings to light the scheme by which Damascus produced 80% of this substance during the war. It also improves focus, concentration and stamina. Initially developed as a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy, it gained popularity due to its stimulating properties. 09 million Captagon-branded pills were seized in Dubai, with Turkish law enforcement seizing 7 million pills en route from Syria to Saudi Arabia. Jul 2, 2020 · It's big in the Middle East and virtually unheard of in Europe — so why would the Islamic State group try to smuggle 14 tonnes of the drug Captagon into Italy? Nov 13, 2024 · Common side effects of Molly include jaw clenching, insomnia, irritability and anxiety, sweating, thirst, nausea, and increased heart rate. It increases dopamine in the brain, leading to feelings of well-being, pleasure and euphoria. Dec 19, 2024 · Almost "no pills sold as Captagon today contain fenethylline", and the name has come to mean "any pill" that has an "amphetamine-type boost". Experts say that the drug trade stemming from Syria, the world's largest Captagon supplier, helped hasten Assad's downfall because neighboring countries, wanting to Ba'athist Syrian Captagon industry 127 bags of Captagon seized in Syria before being destroyed in May 2018 The Ba'athist Syrian Captagon industry was the state-sponsored drug manufacturing and trafficking apparatus of Ba'athist Syria, which was responsible for about 80% of the global production of the Captagon drug. Its combination of amphetamine and theophylline produces a unique high that is both mentally stimulating and physically energising. . Apr 7, 2025 · This "new age" Captagon, as with any highly addictive substance, is likely to cause irreversible changes in brain circuitry that govern impulse control and judgement, taking away a person's ability to reason or think rationally. Oct 18, 2023 · Captagon, originally a brand name for the synthetic drug fenethylline, has evolved into an addictive, amphetamine-type stimulant that is now at the center of a burgeoning illicit drug trade. In 2020, 35 million pills were seized in Dubai; in March 2021, 95 million pills were seized in Port Klang, Malaysia, en route to Saudi Arabia. Aug 12, 2022 · In-depth: Delivering euphoria and alertness, Captagon is popular with partygoers and soldiers alike. The drug was originally sold mostly in the Middle East and parts of Europe. The trade also affects a large number of civil Working within the limits of substantial information gaps, this report traces captagon’s evolution from a legitimate pharmaceutical commodity into Jan 16, 2025 · HTS lacks the interest and capacity to address the inevitable balloon effect of the Captagon drug trade—the likely spillover of drug production and trafficking into countries including Iraq . 90 In total, the new Syrian government has made 20 seizures of captagon since it took power as of March 27, 2025. Fenethylline was considered to have fewer side effects and less potential for abuse than amphetamine. Dec 13, 2024 · Other close watchers of Syria have also pointed to another key factor: a tiny white pill with a pair of interlocking half-moons on one side -- a synthetic and amphetamine that is wildly popular in the Middle East known as Captagon. The drug usually contains amphetamines and thus increases the concentration of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain, which leads to euphoria Aug 24, 2023 · MENASource August 24, 2023 No quick fixes for the Middle East’s captagon crisis By Karam Shaar Over a billion pills of captagon, amphetamine-based drugs, were seized in Arab countries in Asia between 2019–2022—enough to carpet six football fields with 28 million pills left over, per my calculations. 25 million per one time treatment Manufacturer: Orchard Therapeutics Use: Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) FDA Approval Date: March 18, 2024 Lenmeldy (atidarsagene autotemcel) is an autologous hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy for the Nov 13, 2024 · Official answer: Common side effects of Molly include jaw clenching, insomnia, irritability and anxiety, sweating, thirst, nausea, and Sep 27, 2024 · Official answer: Most hair drug tests can detect heavy or regular use of certain illicit substances over the past three months. Since the cessation of its legal production in 1986, counterfeited products have been produced illicitly in south-east Europe and far-east Asia. 56 questions, 329 members, 6 news articles. Many counterfeit Captagon tablets contain other amphetamine derivatives that are easier to produce but are pressed and stamped to look like Captagon pills. At the time, this was the largest haul of amphetamines in history, breaking world records (Davies 2020). Dec 18, 2024 · Syria’s nearly 14-year-old civil war fragmented the country, crumbled the economy and created fertile ground for the production of the highly addictive drug Captagon. Dec 21, 2020 · A massive seizure of the drug Captagon in Italy has revealed the scale of illegal drug production in Syria. The New Arab spoke with smugglers, psychiatrists and drug policy experts about the drug’s effects, trafficking, and the emergence of narco-states. It is the largest haul ever seized, with a street value of more than $1bn (£900m) and Jul 24, 2024 · A new report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime claims that Iraq is becoming a major hub for drug trafficking, as authorities there seized record amounts of Captagon in 2023, valued at up to US$144 million. AP Many of the pills were stamped with the double crescent logo or the word “lexus” that identifies captagon pills. Its profitable trade has been linked to terrorist organizations, including Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant Quels sont les risques et les dangers du Captagon ? La consommation de Fénétylline ou Captagon provoque des effets négatifs, surtout lorsqu'elle est ingérée durant une longue période. Dec 18, 2024 · Amphetamine pills, known as Captagon, hidden inside an electrical component at the warehouse where the drug was manufactured before the fall of Bashar Assad government at a facility in Douma city Nov 3, 2022 · Captagon is the old trademark of a once legal amphetamine stimulant. The drug was marketed for use as a psychostimulant under the brand names Captagon, Biocapton, and Fitton. Sep 21, 2023 · In this way, Captagon is a lot like the counterfeit oxycodone pills flooding the U. Dec 13, 2024 · Pills were found hidden in furniture, fruit, decorative pebbles and voltage stabilisers. Molly is said to contain pure MDMA whereas Ecstasy frequently combines MDMA with other, potentially more dangerous drugs such as Dec 15, 2024 · A Syrian rebel fighter inspects pills of Captagon, a brand name of the psychostimulant drug Fenethylline, discovered at a drug manufacturing facility in the city of Douma. Originally developed in the 1960s for medical purposes, its misuse has led to significant public health concerns. This special report reveals new insights about captagon’s production, consumption, trafficking, and destination Dec 13, 2024 · The stockpiles, found by Syrian rebels, are believed to be linked to al-Assad military headquarters, implicating the fallen regime in the drug's manufacture and distribution. As the Captagon trade garnered more international attention over the years, the traffickers switched away from relying primarily on maritime routes and began to move the drug more by land. Amphetamine pills, known as Captagon, hidden inside an electrical component at a warehouse where the drug was manufactured (AP) Captagon helped to prop up Assad’s war effort to the tune of $2. The hike in captagon’s prevalence has been detrimental to an already Dec 18, 2024 · Syria’s nearly 14-year-old civil war fragmented the country, crumbled the economy and created fertile ground for the production of the highly addictive drug Captagon. The drug was withdrawn from the United States market because of side effects that included hallucinations, visual distortions, and psychosis; it has also been linked to rare Aug 18, 2017 · Captagon is an illegal amphetamine-type stimulant that has been linked to ISIS. 9billion profit a year by cooking up 'poor man's cocaine' to flood the West Apr 5, 2022 · The forecast for the impacts of the captagon trade is serious; the expansion of production and trafficking, coupled with the Syrian government’s intransigent treatment of people who use drugs and lack of public health provisions, paints a poor picture of Syria moving forward. Apr 17, 2025 · In this article, we’ll explore what Captagon is, its addictive properties, its effects on the body, the duration of its effects, and the dangers associated with its misuse. 7 billion USD. Includes amphetamine side effects, interactions and indications. Compared to other stimulants like amphetamines and cocaine, Captagon’s effects are more prolonged and intense. But when Captagon emerged amidst the civil war that began in 2011, it soon replaced the misuse of other drugs, developing quickly around Damascus. They were later identified as the drug Captagon, a powerful, synthetic stimulant May 9, 2023 · From bloody frontlines to buzzing construction sites and even high-end parties, the amphetamine commonly known as captagon - has entrenched itself in the Middle East. The stockpiles, found by Syrian rebels, are believed to be linked to al-A Feb 18, 2022 · Last December, the Lebanese government announced the seizure of nine million amphetamine Captagon pills headed to an unnamed Gulf country, bringing this drug back into the spotlight. References Captagon pills is a chemically prepared material in the form of pills and its scientific name on behalf of Captagon is a stimulant drug that affects the central nervous system, often used for its euphoric effects and increased focus. Oct 6, 2022 · The regime sells one pill of low-quality Captagon for one USD inside Syria, while the higher quality pills are exported to foreign markets where they trade for approximately 14 USD each. Nov 4, 2024 · But that pill can be sold elsewhere in the Middle East—the only part of the world where captagon is a popular drug—for as much as twenty-five dollars, especially in wealthy cities such as Riyadh. At least 370 million pills were seized in 2022 throughout the region, representing only part of the total market as countless captagon pills went unreported or undetected by law enforcement agencies. Since then, multiple Captagon laboratories have been overrun in areas formerly controlled by the Syrian government, with raw materials, machinery, packaging and countless thousands of pills found Oct 19, 2023 · Without a doubt, the prevalence of Captagon continues to rise each year. Sep 22, 2023 · Amphetamine is a stimulant and is used to trat narcolepsy and attention deficit disorder. It is the active ingredient of the party drug Ecstasy. Jun 2, 2017 · Captagon is an amphetamine widely used by fighters in the Syrian civil war for its ability to make people alert, fearless and ready to kill with abandon. Laboratory experiments on animal models have demonstrated that fenethylline enhances dopamine and norepinephrine release in the brain, leading to increased alertness, reduced fatigue, and elevated mood Dec 21, 2020 · A massive seizure of the drug Captagon in Italy has revealed the scale of illegal drug production in Syria. Syrian police show seized drugs and captagon pills at the Drug Enforcement Administration in the capital Damascus Dec 13, 2024 · In some ways, Captagon is the great unifier of the drug world. It is the largest haul ever seized, with a street value of more than $1bn (£900m) and Dec 12, 2024 · Captagon trade under the Assad regime generated billions annually for Syria, according to a 2023 study by the nonprofit Observatory of Political and Economic Networks. The synthetic stimulant is used across the Middle East by everyone from truckies and taxi drivers battling through shift work, to We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Includes dosages for Attention Deficit Disorder, Obesity and Narcolepsy; plus renal, liver and dialysis adjustments. The warehouse, according to experts, may be one of the biggest captagon labs ever seen. Apr 4, 2025 · Captagon, which produces psychedelic effects similar to other dangerous synthetic drugs, is typically smuggled from Muslim countries. Some claim that Captagon can deliver "superhuman properties" to users, though this perceived invincibility is likely owing to a placebo effect and/or manufacturers overselling their product. Oct 27, 2023 · The shipment of industrial cardboard cylinders contained over one million pills of the amphetamine-type stimulant called ‘Captagon’. Among its most notable effects are presented in Table 1. This study aimed to assess cardiotoxicity effects of Captagon (Capta) and Azithromycin/Captagon Dec 18, 2024 · Amphetamine pills, known as Captagon, hidden inside an electrical component at the warehouse where the drug was manufactured before the fall of Bashar Assad government at a facility in Douma city Dec 18, 2024 · Syria’s nearly 14-year-old civil war fragmented the country, crumbled the economy and created fertile ground for the production of the highly addictive drug Captagon. 8 million pills, mainly containing Captagon, were found in Egypt (GPHIN, 2016a), while 11,000 Captagon tablets were seized in the city of Al-Nasiriya (January 2016), a city to the southeast of the Iraqi capital Baghdad. The presentation of captagon or fenethylline varies as the illegal producers have been mixing other substances with captagon, aiming to find cheaper, more addictive and more potent ways of creating it. 17 Meantime the current unstable situation in Syria has forced some traffickers to move production of captagon to Feb 11, 2022 · What Does Captagon Look Like? Captagon usually comes in a white or brown powder. In 2014, 29. Apr 17, 2022 · Soldiers have a shoot-to-kill policy to stop millions of Captagon pills being smuggled from Syria. How severe is the Captagon problem in Syria and the Middle East? Dec 22, 2022 · Written by Dean Gustar article on Septagon - the most addictive drug in the Middle East - Learn about the risks, effects, first symptoms and treatments. Originally a pharmaceutical drug for ADHD and narcolepsy, captagon is now an illicit Jul 31, 2017 · Jihadis would not need a "magic" Captagon pill to achieve these effects, but this labeling has seemingly increased its attractiveness. And because they come in pill form, they are more approachable to the average drug consumer, who tend to associate pills with legitimate prescription medications. Date of use Kabtagon. Syria’s nearly 14-year-old civil war fragmented the country, crumbled the economy and created fertile ground for the production of the drug. Seizures recorded in 2015 are speculated to be due to the migrant flow and establishment of drug-smuggling routes through Turkey from Syria. Jul 25, 2024 · The drugs, a synthetic stimulant called Captagon, are fresh from factories in the Syrian heartland that churn out an estimated $10 billion worth of illicit drugs each year. Molly is methylenedioxymethamphetamine, more commonly known as MDMA. The pill is the synthetic stimulant fenethylline or fenetylline, known by the brand name Captagon, that overtook the Middle East as a popular drug. Lenmeldy Cost: $4. Feb 22, 2022 · Production, trafficking and consumption of Captagon in the Middle East have all skyrocketed in the past decade, with the small, off-white pills rising to become the region’s most popular drug. (JOSEPH EID / AFP via Getty Images) e actors, non-state groups, and warlords. Rossi FENETHYLLINE Fenethylline, also known as amphetaminoethyltheophylline or amfetyline, branded under the name of Captagon, is a psychostimulant synthetic drug derived by a linkage of amphetamine and theophylline obtained via an alkyle chain. It was commercially sold in several countries until the 1980s and was banned due to fears of its highly addictive nature. Many had a double crescent logo stamped on them, marking them as captagon pills. The Dec 13, 2024 · After the fall of the al-Assad regime in Syria, large stockpiles of the illicit drug captagon have reportedly been uncovered. What do amphetamine-based drugs do? It Abstract Background: Fenetheylline, a psychostimulant drug, often branded as Captagon, is a combination of amphetamine and theophylline. Some students are taking a drug called amphetamine to get good grades. May 9, 2013 · Since then, "Captagon" pills have still been produced--and like you said, are abused heavily by Assad's and insurgent forces in the region--but they generally contain any of various combinations of amphetamine sulfate, meth, caffeine, morphine, selegeline, phenylpropanolamine, dxm, ame other random stimulants, painkillers, dissociatives, etc. The drug was withdrawn from the United States market because of side effects t … Nov 17, 2022 · Pomegranates stuffed with pills, dummy corporations, false certificates: How did Lebanon become a hub for trafficking Captagon? Do the authorities have the means to fight it? Does this export product also wreak havoc among Lebanese youth? And why do some local barons still escape justice? L’Orient-Le Jour digs past the headlines on Captagon through this four-article series. Adderall's four amphetamine salts include dextroamphetamine Aug 6, 2025 · Detailed Amphetamine dosage information for adults and children. But as we'll see, captagon was once a pharmaceutical drug, similar to some of the legally available stimulants we still use Dec 12, 2024 · Other close watchers of Syria have also pointed to another key factor: a tiny white pill with a pair of interlocking half-moons on one side. The synthetic amphetamine has long been associated with the Syrian civil war, where fighters on all sides Dec 12, 2024 · Other close watchers of Syria have also pointed to another key factor: a tiny white pill with a pair of interlocking half-moons on one side. In the following lines, we will review Captagon pills that have gained wide fame recently Dec 14, 2024 · A Syrian rebel shows captagon pills hidden inside a machine part. Among the Gulf states, Saudi Arabia is the country most targeted by Captagon traffickers, because of its large market and extensive borders with Jordan and Iraq. The Origins of Captagon Captagon, chemically known as fenethylline, was first synthesized in the 1960s. 4 SAME NAME, DIFFERENT GAME Captagon was originally developed in the 1960s as a pharmaceutical to treat depression and narcolepsy. Fenethylline (BAN, USAN) or fenetylline (INN) is a codrug of amphetamine and theophylline and so a mutual prodrug of both. 13, 2024. The physiological effects of drugs, such as amphetamines and captagon, on organ functions remain a significant concern, with varying impacts based on substance type and duration of use. Drug Enforcement Administration Captagon is a synthetic stimulant combining amphetamine and theophylline. Ilaria Stirpe Bruno E. Apr 15, 2016 · A highly addictive amphetamine known as Captagon has reportedly become popular among fighters of the Islamic State and is said to be "fueling" the Syrian war. Now, a new rehab clinic in the north offers a glimmer of hope Dec 14, 2024 · Since then, multiple Captagon laboratories have been overrun in areas formerly controlled by the Syrian government, with raw materials, machinery, packaging and countless thousands of pills found Dec 18, 2024 · Syria’s nearly 14-year-old civil war fragmented the country, crumbled the economy and created fertile ground for the production of the highly addictive drug Captagon. It seeps into the streets and slowly takes a toll on users Captagon is an illustration of this trend. Dec 9, 2015 · In October, Lebanese authorities seized two tons of Captagon pills at the Beirut airport from a Saudi prince about to board a private jet home. Initially introduced in 1961 as a treatment for hyperactivity, depression, and narcolepsy, Captagon was later classified as a Schedule 1 controlled substance due to its Dec 18, 2024 · Syria’s nearly 14-year-old civil war fragmented the country, crumbled the economy and created fertile ground for the production of the highly addictive drug Captagon. Mar 19, 2025 · Over the past decade in Lebanon, one of the consequences of the conflict in neighboring Syria has been the expansion in the illegal production and trafficking of Captagon, a codrug of amphetamine and theophylline. Jun 22, 2025 · ABSTRACT Captagon is an illegal amphetamine that is widely used in the Middle East. Dec 22, 2024 · Captagon amphetamine pills hidden inside an electrical component at a warehouse where the drug was manufactured in Douma city, outskirts of Damascus, Syria, Dec. The explosion in smuggling led the authorities to take drastic action to prevent more pills from reaching the kingdom. Apr 17, 2023 · Captagon pills have been found hidden in packages of milk, cardboard rolls, egg cartons, crates of fresh fruit and machinery. Militias, warlords and the Assad government Dec 16, 2024 · As Syria's economy collapsed during the civil war, the country became something of narco-state. Unfortunately, many school students, university students, and employees have fallen victim to drug dealers and false rumors that promote the effect of this drug as a magic solution to all problems and a powerful stimulant for the Captagon, a brand name for the drug fenethylline, has garnered attention in recent years due to its rise in popularity as a recreational substance, especially in certain regions of the Middle East. Explore Captagon addiction, serious symptoms, and health risks, plus best treatment methods and sustainable recovery strategies in Turkey!! We do NOT promote drug use; - Accept, for better and or worse, that licit & illicit drug use is part of our world and choose to work to minimize its harmful effects rather than simply ignore or condemn them; - Utilize evidence-based, feasible, and cost-effective practices to prevent and reduce harm; - Call for the non-judgmental, non-coercive provision of services and resources to people who Dec 18, 2024 · Amphetamine pills, known as Captagon, hidden inside an electrical component at the warehouse where the drug was manufactured before the fall of Bashar Assad government at a facility in Douma city, outskirts of Damascus, Syria, Friday, Dec. Captagon, ISIS's favorite amphetamine, explained - Vox The Pill That Supposedly Turns Syrians Into Superhuman, Fearless, Relentless Killers - Reason But most importantly, analysis of hundreds of "Captagon" pills in recent years revealed only amphetamine and methamphetamine or other stimulants, but NO Fenethylline. Once ingested, captagon has a range of physiological and psychological effects, depending on dosage, route of administration, and individual sensitivity. The co-usage of illicit substances and therapeutic drugs can result in substantial health risk especially cardiotoxicity. Nov 30, 2015 · Today Captagon has been transformed from a mild-mannered medicine into "a tiny, highly addictive pill" that is "fueling Syria's war and turning fighters into superhuman soldiers. drug market: They are advertised as one drug but contain another. May 6, 2025 · Captagon, a small stimulant pill, has become a multi-billion-dollar export commodity, smuggled through intricate routes into the Gulf and Europe. Over the years in HTS territory, captagon pills have been hidden in piping. Sometimes the drugs were concealed in food, electronics and construction materials to evade detection. Addiction is a multifaceted brain disorder characterized by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequences. But it has a lot of unwanted side effects, such as low-level psychosis. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the largest quantities of Captagon seized between 2012 and 2021, around 67 Apr 24, 2025 · Amid the pulsating beats, small white pills of Captagon — an inexpensive, amphetamine-type stimulant that has become synonymous with Syria’s illicit drug trade — are circulating freely, a stark reminder of the legacy of former President Bashar al-Assad’s narco-state, four months after his regime’s fall. But the name has long been taken to describe one of the Middle East's most used illegal drugs. Feb 27, 2024 · First developed in the 1960s in Europe and approved briefly for use in the United States, fenethylline (sold as Captagon, one of its early trade names) is now a prominent drug of abuse in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Dec 18, 2024 · Captagon was smuggled across borders in trucks and cargo shipments. However, this can be made into a pill or tablet form. Aim of study. Unknown hundreds of millions more have found their way onto the streets of the Jan 6, 2025 · “Captagon revenue helped them undercut the feeling and effect of sanctions and sustain the regime’s power base,” she explained. Our support group helps people share their own experience. Overdoses and other side effects were a constant risk. Dec 14, 2024 · Inside Assad's drugs empire: Industrial-scale lab where dictator's lackeys made him £1. Captagon was the brand name of a psychoactive medicine produced in the 1960s. But what is the drug and is it dangerous?The Superdrug Fueling ISIS and The Nazis Oct 25, 2021 · Lebanon and Syria are the most common source of Captagon tablets in Saudi Arabia, but some of the pills that make it are manufactured in Jordan, where the authorities in 2018 dismantled a laboratory producing Captagon. Dubbed the “Jihadist’s Drug” and featured in sensational news stories, this powerful stimulant has been linked to high-profile cases of violence and addiction. Although Concerta and Apr 10, 2025 · Ask questions and get answers about Methamphetamine. Mar 29, 2024 · Being a country with a conflict seems to deepen the effects of prohibition, and being a prohibitionist country adds ingredients to armed conflict. k0o bny0 jnaq tyv0 l6e mg upeqt wsxf u7rzevk vy30